Large-scale forced conscription campaigns
Following the capture of key cities like Goma and Bukavu in early 2025, the M23 intensified its forced recruitment operations in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Evidence collected points to the abduction of thousands of individuals, including Congolese military personnel, local militia members, and civilians. Survivors describe being seized from streets, homes, and public gatherings in schools and churches before being transported to makeshift military camps.
Children among the victims
Disturbing testimonies confirm the presence of minors as young as 12 in these detention centers. Survivors report being subjected to military and ideological training programs designed to integrate them into M23 operations. The organization is accused of using extreme coercion, threatening captives with death if they refused compliance.
Harrowing detention conditions
Survivors describe overcrowded facilities with acute shortages of food and water, compounded by systematic physical violence. Reports indicate deaths resulting from starvation, dehydration, torture, and summary executions. While the exact death toll remains unverified, collected testimonies strongly suggest that hundreds may have perished in these camps.
Allegations extend to Rwanda
Multiple accounts identify Rwandan military officers among the captors in these detention centers. Survivors claim that some trainers and guards wore uniforms of the Rwandan Armed Forces, further intensifying regional tensions. These accusations emerge amid persistent denials from Kigali regarding direct military support to M23 operations.